Georg iiissen



(No Model.)

G. IHSSEN. GUPOLA AND BLAST PURNAGE.

. Patented Nov. 19, 1889.

f da 2.

f1 (40d bio n.

al 9,615.11, anla?.

(whom :$910201 L ha? csuhlow.

Sym; M4101 'wf/17W Y/s s vs.

d ./eswfM UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORG IHSSEN, OF HANOVER, GERMANY.

CUPOLA AND BLAST FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 415,206, dated November19, 1889. Application filed June Z3, 1888. Serial No. 278,066. (Nomodel.)

To a/ZZ whom it 71mg con/cern:

Be it known that I, GEORG IHssEN, a subject of the Emperor of Germany,and residing at Hanover, in Germany, have invented a new and usefulImprovementin Cupola and Blast Furnaces, of which the following is aspecilication.

rlhis invention relates to cupola and blast furnaces 5 and it consistsin improvements therein, as hereinafter set forth, and specificallypointed out in the claims.

The improvement relates to the crucible, or that part of the furnaceextending from the sole to a distance above the tuyeres.

A further improvement relates to the position, construction, andrelative arrangement of the tuyeres.

Reference being made to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate acupola and blast furnace constructed according to the improvement,Figure l is a vertical section thereof on line A B, Fig. el. Fig. 2 is aside elevation. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on line C D, Fig. (3. Figs.4c and 5 are respectively horizontal sections on lines E F G H, Fig. l.Fig. 6 is a section on line J K, Fig. Si.

The same letters of reference indicate the same parts throughout thefigures.

In the improved furnace the shaft Z) and boshes c are constructed asformerly, each circular in horizontal cross-section7 but that part ofithe crucible d which extends downward from the boshes to the level ofthe tuyeres is elliptical in horizontal cross-section, with verticalsides. Below the level of the tuyeres the remainder of the crucible,except where outlets or chambers are formed in the sides, is ofcylindrical shape down to the sole, the diameter of the cylindrical partbeing equal to the maj or axis of the elliptical part of the crucible d.Since thelower part of the crucible is cylindrical and the upper partelliptical, there will be formed at the line of junction two abruptcrescent-shaped set-backs, one on each side below the lower edge of theelliptical portion of the crucible, these set-backs completing thedifference between the smaller axis of the ellipse of the upper part andthe diameter of the circle of the lower part of the crucible. Thetuyeres a a are situated at or in these set-backs. I prefer to make oneof the set-backs at a higher level than the otherthat' is to say, bycontinuing the elliptical portion of the crucible to a lower level onthe one side than on the other. In the walls of the furnace above theset-backs are formed the chambers e e', or air-chests, supplied with ablast of air in the usual manner and com municating, respectively, withthe interior of the furnace through slits a a', which form the tuyeresin or under the set-backs aforesaid, said slits a a being alsocrescent-shaped, the one edge corresponding with the cylindrical wall ofthe crucible, the other lying parallel with the lower edge of theelliptical portion thereof. The slits a a are inclined in order to throwthe blast downward into the lower part of the crucible.

By drawing the sides of the furnace into an elliptical form in theregion of the melting-zone-that is to say, toward the level of thetuyeres-and so flattening the charge an equal temperature is obtainedover all the melting-zone, and the air-blast acts more equally to thecenter of the charge, this being more especially important in the largerfurnaces with small pressure of air-blast, in which formerly the centralportions of the charge were not touched by the blast. For the samereason the improvement also tends to the complete utilizing of all thecoke. The position and shape of the tuyeres assist in like manner byspreading the air-blast over all in a manner substantially proportionalto thickness of the charge. Furthermore, the iron, by its weight fallingvertically downward in the crucible, tends to spread out the coke towardthe side, and so heap up the same under the set-backsmthat is to say,under the direct action of the tuyeres. The melted iron, therefore, isnot disturbed by the blast, and decarburation of the iron does not takeplace. them from becoming choked.

I claim as my inventionl. In cupola and blast furnaces, the combinationof a shaft provided with boshes of circular horizontal cross-sectionwith a crucible of elliptical horizontal cross-section below saidboshes.

2. The combination of a shaft provided with boshes of circularhorizontal cross-section with a crucible of elliptical horizontalsection below said boshes and extended be- The position of the tuyeresprevents IOO low to a cylindrical shape below said elliptical portion. p

3 A shaft provided with a orucible oomposed of an upper part ofelliptical horizontal cross-section and a lower part of eylindricalshape, the major axis of the ellipse being equal to the diameter of thecylinder.

4. A shaft provided with a Crucible composed of :tn upper patri; ofelliptical horizontal cross-section and a lower part of cylindricalshape, so as to form set-backs below said upper part7 in the manner setforth, in combination with tuyeres in said set-backs.

5. A shaft provided with t Crucible com- GEORG IHSSEN.

Vitnesses:

THEoDoR LANGE, JoHs KRACKE.

